EVS Chapter 1 Food and Digestion Important points

                     TOPIC TAUGHT ON 24/11/2020, 25/11/2020 AND 26/11/2020

                                                        IMPORTANT POINTS -

All living beings need food because it gives them the energy required to perform any activity. The food we eat contains a variety of of substances called nutrients which provide nourishment to the body. The five categories of nutrients present in our body are-

1. Carbohydrates

2. Proteins

3. Fats

4. Vitamins

5. Minerals

Out of these nutrients, carbohydrates, proteins and fats are needed by the body in large amounts while vitamins and minerals are needed in smaller amounts.

1. Carbohydrate-

a. Carbohydrates provide us with energy.

b. They are found in the fruits, grains, vegetables and milk products.

c. Examples- rice, wheat, corn, potato, honey and sugarcane.

2. Proteins-

a. They are also called body-building foods.

b. They help our body to build new cells and repair the damaged ones.

c. Examples- eggs, beans and pulses, fish and meat, milk and milk products.

3. Fats-

a. Like carbohydrates, fats also provide us with energy. They are the richest source of energy in our diet.

b. Foods rich in fats are also called energy-giving foods.

c. Examples- ghee, nuts, butter and oil.

4. Vitamins-

a. Vitamins help our body fight against diseases and keep us healthy.

b. Foods rich in vitamins are called protective foods.

c. Examples- fruits (orange, papaya, mango), vegetables ( broccoli, bell paper, pumpkin), milk, eggs, sprouted grams, fish and meat.

4. Minerals-

a. Minerals keep us healthy and fit, help us renew our bones and teeth and help blood to function properly.

b. Some important minerals are - calcium, iron and iodine.

c. Calcium keeps our teeth and bones strong. ( milk and milk products)

d. Iron helps in formation of blood in our body. (green leafy vegetables and apples)