EVS Ch- Food and Digestion Notebook work

Complete your notebook work and mail me on my email id - sumita.mishra@podar.org

CHAPTER 1 

FOOD AND DIGESTION

NEW WORDS

1. Nutrients

2. Roughage

3. Balanced diet

4. Carbohydrates

5. Proteins

6. Fats

7. Vitamins

8. Minerals

9. Digestion 

10. Pancreas

11. Gall Bladder

12. Oesophagus

Q1. Fill in the blanks with the correct option-

a) Carbohydrates are the energy-giving food group.

b) We should consume 8-10 glasses of water everyday in order to stay healthy.

c) Calcium is essential for the healthy bones .

d) Minerals are the protective-food group.

e) The process of digestion starts in the mouth.

f) The stomach is a muscular bag which contains gastric juices.

Q2. Name two foods each that are rich in-

a) Carbohydrates -  Wheat ,  rice

b) Fibres - Apple  ,  nuts

c) Minerals-  milk  ,  spinach

Q3. Give reasons for the following statements.

a) One must eat food rich in fibre.

Ans. One must eat food rich in fibre as it helps with digestive issues such as constipation. It also help us manage our weight and even reduce risk of heart disease.

b) Children must eat food rich in proteins.

Ans. Children must eat food rich in proteins as proteins play a vital role in the healthy growth of our body which requires proper development of our muscles and bones.

c) Fried food and chocolates must be consumed in less quantities.

Ans. Fried food and chocolates must be consumed in less quantities as they contain fats and excess fat is harmful because it can make one obese and lead to heart disease.

d) Fruits and vegetables are called protective foods.

Ans. Fruits and vegetables are called protective food because they are rich in vitamins and minerals. They help our body fight against diseases and keep us healthy.

Q4. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences each.

a) Why do we need to eat food?

Ans. We need food because it gives us energy to perform any activity, help us to grow and keeps us fit and healthy.

b) How do proteins help our body to stay healthy?

Ans. Proteins help us in growing, develops our muscles and bones and help our body to build new cells and repair the damaged ones.

c) What role do vitamins play in our body?

Ans. Vitamins help our body fight against diseases and keep us healthy.

d) Explain the following terms-

i) Digestion - Digestion is the process of breakdown of large food molecules into smaller water soluble food molecules so that the nutrients in them can be absorbed by the blood and used by the body.

ii) Balanced diet - A diet that contains all the nutrients along with water and roughage in balanced proportion is called balanced diet.

e) Why is chewing food essential?

Ans. Chewing food is essential because by chewing food teeth breaks down food into smaller pieces and saliva breaks down the major part of carbohydrates.

f) Write any four healthy eating habits.

Ans. i. Chew food well before swallowing.                                                                                                          ii. Consume 8-10 glasses of water everyday.                                                                                                iii. Eat lots of vegetables and fruits.                                                                                                              iv. Avoid overeating.

g) Explain the role of the following in our digestive process-

i) mouth - The process of digestion starts in the mouth. Teeth breaks down food into smaller pieces and saliva breaks down the major part of carbohydrates.

ii) oesophagus - It is a long, narrow tube like structure. It carries food from mouth to the stomach.

iii) stomach - It is a muscular bag. It secretes gastric juice. It churns the food with gastric juices. It breaks down most part of the proteins.

iv) small intestine - From the stomach, the food enters into the small intestine. Carbohydrates, fats and proteins are digested here.

v) large intestine - The undigested food enters the large intestine from the small intestine. Excess water is absorbed from the undigested food and semi solid waste is generated.

vi) gall bladder - Bile stored in gall bladder enters the small intestine and helps in breaking down fats and oils in simpler forms.

Q5. Picture Study-

a. Given below are some food items-

i. Fill in the blank.

The above food items are rich sources of proteins.

ii. Tick the correct option-

• The food we eat helps build our muscles. (     )
• The food we eat provide us with energy.  (      )
• The food we eat does not protect us against diseases. (      )

iii. What will happen if we do not eat the food items shown above?

Ans. If we do not eat the food items shown above, then our bones will become weaker and a higher risk of bone fractures.

b. In the diagram of the human digestive system below-

i. Identify the parts labelled X,Y and Z.

Ans. X       -        Oesophagus

 

         Y       -        Pancreas

         Z        -        Gall Bladder